Jamaica health officials warn of spike in leptospirosis after Hurricane Melissa

Health authorities are urging Jamaicans to take heightened precautions as suspected cases of leptospirosis emerge in communities affected by stagnant floodwaters following Hurricane Melissa.

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The warning came during an interview on Hotline on Radio Jamaica on Friday, where Chief Medical Officer (CMO) Dr. Jacquiline Bisasor-McKenzie confirmed that the Ministry of Health is already investigating suspected cases. She explained that the current conditions—standing water mixed with animal urine and faeces—create ideal circumstances for the bacteria to spread.

“We have some suspected leptospirosis cases and this tends to happen this time of the year and is especially worse now because of the water on the ground with the animal faeces in it and the urine of the animals,” she said. “So people should wear protective shoes when they go out in the water, because they will get leptospirosis.”

Dr. Bisasor-McKenzie, who noted that suspected cases are treated as positive based on established protocol, stressed the need for prevention. “Leptospirosis can be a serious illness that can lead to death in a short period of time. Prevention is the key,” she said.

She also reminded the public that personal responsibility is crucial: “Even if we as a health team attend to people that come in and try to reach out to those who are outreaches, we may not be able to reach every single person… But individuals should take the precautions for their safety.”

SYMPTOMS AND RISKS

Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection that can range from mild to life-threatening. Early symptoms often resemble the flu or dengue, making them easy to overlook. Common symptoms include:

• High fever

• Severe headache

• Muscle aches, especially in the calves

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• Red eyes

• Vomiting or diarrhea

• Abdominal pain

• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)

• Rash

• Difficulty breathing

If untreated, the illness can progress to a severe form known as Weil’s disease, which may cause kidney failure, liver damage, internal bleeding, or death.

PRECAUTIONS

Health officials advise the public to:

• Wear protective boots or shoes when entering floodwaters

• Avoid contact with stagnant or dirty water, especially with cuts or broken skin

• Use gloves for cleanup

• Dispose of garbage properly to reduce rodent activity

The Ministry of Health continues to monitor conditions closely as flood-affected communities work toward recovery.